<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: center;"><font size="4"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">链条锅炉炉拱节能改造</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><p></p></span></b></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: center;"><font size="4"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">山东恒源阳光热电</span><span lang="EN-US">(</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">集团</span><span lang="EN-US">)</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">有限公司隋光玉王文强</span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.95pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 1.71;"><font size="4"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">摘要:</span><span lang="EN-US">UG</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">-</span><span lang="EN-US">35</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">/</span><span lang="EN-US">3.82</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">-</span><span lang="EN-US">M6</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">型锅炉通过前后拱的节能改造,可以燃烧挥发份低的煤种,燃烧效率得到提高,每年将取得良好的经济效益。</span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 1.71;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><font size="4"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">关键词:锅炉,炉拱节能改造</span><span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></font></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 1.71;"><font size="4"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US">1</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">前言</span><span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></b></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.95pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 1.71;"><font size="4"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">为了与发电用大型锅炉相区别,中国把容量在</span><span lang="EN-US">65</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">吨/时以下为工业生产供热、为建筑物供暖的锅炉称之为工业锅炉。据</span><span lang="EN-US">1998</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">年工业普查统计,全国工业锅炉保有量为</span><span lang="EN-US">52</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">万台、</span><span lang="EN-US">120</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">万蒸吨,其中</span><span lang="EN-US">70</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">%是蒸汽锅炉,其余是热水锅炉,年耗燃料约</span><span lang="EN-US">4</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">亿吨标准煤。工业锅炉型式各异,主要是层燃锅炉</span><span lang="EN-US">(</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">正传链条炉排锅炉多达总数的</span><span lang="EN-US">60</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">%以上</span><span lang="EN-US">)</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">,它们的热效率普遍较低,低于</span><span lang="EN-US">80</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">%者居大多数,高效低污染宽煤种的循环流化床锅炉为数很少。</span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.95pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 1.71;"><font size="4"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">由于种种原因,如结构设计不合理,制造质量不良,辅机配套不协调,可用煤种与设计不符,运行操作不当等,都会造成锅炉出力不足、热效率低下和输出参数不合格等问题,结果是能源消耗量过大,甚至不能满足生产要求。对于半新以下的锅炉,采取技术改造措施解决问题;经济合理;对于接近寿命期的锅炉,则以更新为佳;究竟采取何种措施,应以技术先进、成熟,经济合理为原则,由于中国锅炉的以上问题比较普遍,所以,节能潜力很大,约达</span><span lang="EN-US">-4000</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">万吨标准煤。由于在用的工业锅炉正转链条炉排锅炉居多数,当前推广应用的节能改造技术,大部分是针对正转链条炉排锅炉的。</span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 1.71;"><font size="4"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US">2</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">炉拱的作用</span><span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></b></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.95pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 1.71;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font size="4">炉内燃烧是一个非常复杂的热化学反应的系统工程,炉膛内的烟气动力场受多方面因素制约.合理组织炉内的热幅射和烟气流动,加强炉内烟气搅动,混合,强化火床和炉膛烟火内的燃烧,维持火床和炉膛高温是前后炉拱重要作用的体现.前拱偏重于引燃新煤,后拱测重于强化主燃区和烤渣燃尽.合理的拱形和尺寸,前后拱的最佳配合,使锅炉达到消烟排尘,安全,高效,经济运行。</font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 1.71;"><font size="4"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US">3</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">现状分析</span><span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></b></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.95pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 1.71;"><font size="4"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">我公司</span><span lang="EN-US">1</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">、</span><span lang="EN-US">2#</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">锅炉为无锡锅炉厂生产的正转链条锅炉,于</span><span lang="EN-US">1991</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">年投入运行,其型号为</span><span lang="EN-US">UG</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">一</span><span lang="EN-US">35</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">/</span><span lang="EN-US">3.82</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">一</span><span lang="EN-US">M6</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">,设计煤种为烟煤,挥发份为</span><span lang="EN-US">28</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">.</span><span lang="EN-US">7</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">%,对煤种的要求比较苛刻。目前能源形式比较紧张,烟煤价格较高,含硫量比较大,导致锅炉燃烧不是很充分,煤容易结焦下红渣,燃烧效率比较低,不能达到满负荷;而且烟气含硫量较大,对环境污染严重,影响居民生活,又对尾部烟道、电除尘、引风机腐蚀严重,导致尾部烟道漏风,严重影响锅炉的负荷,且每年检修费用高。</span></font></p> |