主机油中进水原因分析及防范措施

(3) &nbsp;轴封进汽联箱供汽压力过大，使轴封室成为正压，造成轴封漏气。 &nbsp;<br/>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;(4) &nbsp;轴封抽汽器抽气压力不足，抽气管堵塞，造成负压不足，使蒸汽沿轴窜出，造成轴封漏汽。 &nbsp;<br/>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;(5) &nbsp;<br/>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;盘车齿轮或靠背轮转动鼓风的抽吸作用，造成轴承箱内局部负压，吸入蒸汽。另外轴承室排烟风机出力太大，使轴承室负压增大，使轴封漏汽，更易进入润滑油系统。 &nbsp;<br/><br/>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;(6) &nbsp;<br/>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;机组高中压缸膨胀不畅这一先天性问题长期困扰机组运行，当机组启动时，3号轴承座前仰，2号轴承座后仰，在机组过临界转速轴系剧烈振动时，两者决定了轴承箱油档间隙，间隙调整时必须给予足够考虑，否则将碰磨油档尖齿，造成油档间隙过大，使轴封漏汽更易进入轴承室。 &nbsp;<br/><br/>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;(7) &nbsp;汽缸结合面变形、密封不严密，造成蒸汽泄漏，进入轴承室，使油中带水。 &nbsp;<br/>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;2 &nbsp;油中进水的危害 &nbsp;<br/>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;(1) &nbsp;润滑油带水使轴瓦油膜不易形成，当油膜被转子撕裂时，转子将与轴瓦产生磨擦，使轴瓦脱胎或化瓦，造成事故停机。 &nbsp;<br/>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;(2) &nbsp;润滑油带水使油膜质量恶化，不能及时迅速地带走轴系传来的热量，造成化瓦或脱胎，危及机组安全。 &nbsp;<br/>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;(3) &nbsp;润滑油带水降低了润滑效果，使油膜质量恶化，机组轴系振动加剧。 &nbsp;<br/>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;(4) &nbsp;控制油带水会锈蚀油动机弹簧，改变机组调节系统特性曲线，长期下去，将使油动机弹簧锈蚀剥落，造成弹簧疲劳，威胁机组安全。&nbsp;&nbsp;<br/>

<font size="4"><font style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #00ffff;">&nbsp;<span style="COLOR: black;">防止油中进水的措施</span></font></font><font color="#ffffff"><font size="4"><font style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #00ffff;"><span style="COLOR: black;">
                                        <br/>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; (1)&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style="COLOR: black;">合理调整轴封间隙，以转子热膨胀的胀幅与转子最大振幅之和为基准，既可避免机组运行时因轴封间隙过大而漏汽，又可避免机组启动过临界转速时因振动发生磨擦，使轴封尖齿倒伏。</span></font></font></font><font color="#ffffff"><font style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #00ffff;"><font size="4"><span style="COLOR: black;">
                                        <br/><br/>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; (2) </span><span style="COLOR: black;">合理调整轴封供汽压力，避免轴封漏汽。</span></font></font></font><font color="#ffffff"><font style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #00ffff;"><font size="4"><span style="COLOR: black;">
                                        <br/>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; (3)&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style="COLOR: black;">缩小轴承油挡间隙。更换轴承座台板润滑脂，减小膨胀阻力，把机组启动时轴承座的前仰或后仰控制在最小，以轴承座变形造成的抬起或降低的变幅与机组振幅为基准，把油档间隙调整到最小允许值。</span></font></font></font><font color="#ffffff"><font style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #00ffff;"><font size="4"><span style="COLOR: black;">
                                        <br/><br/>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; (4) </span><span style="COLOR: black;">保持轴封抽汽压力，加大抽汽管道截面积，避免抽汽管堵塞，保持管道畅通。</span></font></font></font><font color="#ffffff"><font style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #00ffff;"><font size="4"><span style="COLOR: black;">
                                        <br/>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; (5) </span><span style="COLOR: black;">消除或降低轴承箱内负压，在轴承箱上部加装带滤网的压力调整器，以平衡轴承箱内部压力。</span></font></font></font><font color="#ffffff"><font size="4" style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #00ffff;"><span style="COLOR: black;">
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