汽轮机主油箱为什么要装排油烟机？

<span class="bigtxt">油箱装设排油烟机的作用是排除油箱中的气体和水蒸气。这样一方面使水蒸气不在油箱中凝结；另一方面使油箱中压力不高于大气压力，使轴承回油顺利地流入油箱。<br/>反之，如果油箱密闭，那么大量气体和水蒸气积在油箱中产生正压，会影响轴承的回油，同时易使油箱油中积水。<br/>排油烟机还有排除有害气体使油质不易劣化的作用</span>

<font size="2">&nbsp; <span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">某厂</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">7</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">号机为</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">BK-50-3</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">高压凝汽式汽轮机，是前苏联</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">1958</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">年生产的机组，其发电机采用氢气循环冷却。为保证氢冷却室严密，发电机前后均设置了密封瓦。正常运行时，保持密封瓦供油压力高于发电机内部氢压</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">0.03</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">～</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">0.05</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 5.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">
                </span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">MPa</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">，在密封瓦外侧设有</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">3</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">，</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">4</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">号主轴瓦。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">2003-08-16</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">，汽机检修人员在位于</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">7</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">号机组主油箱上方的</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">8</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 5.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">
                </span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">m</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">运转层平台铁盖板接缝处实施点焊作业，并按程序办理了热机检修工作票和甲级动火作业票。实施作业共有</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">6</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">个焊点，当焊到最后一个焊点时，主油箱盖上方突然发出爆炸声，作业处</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">8</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 5.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">
                </span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">m</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">平台铁盖板被掀起后又落下，庆幸未伤及作业人员。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"><p></p></span></font><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-line-height-alt: 8.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"><p><font size="2">&nbsp;</font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none;"><font size="2"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">1 </span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 7.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp;</span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"><a class="channel_keylink" href="http://www.powersafety.com.cn/default/article/dlsgal/" target="_blank">事故</a>原因分析</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"><p></p></span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-line-height-alt: 8.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"><p><font size="2">&nbsp;</font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none;"><font size="2"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">此次检修作业前已按规程要求执行了检修工作票和甲级动火作业票，并经化学化验人员测试作业点含氢量为零，但作业中为什么却发生氢爆。经分析查找后确定：因主油箱设置在</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">8</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 5.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">
                        </span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">m</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">运转层平台下方，主油箱上盖与</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">8</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 5.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">
                        </span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">m</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">运转层之间有大约</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">500</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 5.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">
                        </span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">mm</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">的距离，由于氢冷发电机两侧轴瓦回油含微量氢气，导致氢气随</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">3</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">，</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">4</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">号主轴瓦润滑油回油进入主油箱内，且又有一部分氢气从主油箱加油孔等处存在的缝隙进入主油箱盖的上部空间，但</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">8</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 5.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">
                        </span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">m</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">运转层平台以上并没有氢气存在，故在作业处没有检测到含氢信息。检修作业时，具有一定温度的焊渣将油箱盖与</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">8</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 5.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">
                        </span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">m</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">运转层平台铁盖板间的含氢气体混合物引爆。后经化学化验人员检测主油箱内部和上部，确证都含一定氢量，而</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">8</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 5.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">
                        </span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">m</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">运转层平台含氢量仍为</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">0</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"><p></p></span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-line-height-alt: 8.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"><p><font size="2">&nbsp;</font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none;"><font size="2"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">2 </span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 7.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp;</span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">改进措施</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"><p></p></span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-line-height-alt: 8.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"><p><font size="2">&nbsp;</font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none;"><font size="2"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>(1) </span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">为保证主油箱排烟机工作正常，在排油烟机入口管的最低点加装直径为</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">28</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">的放水管，以排出油水存积物，保证排油烟机入口管通畅。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"><p></p></span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none;"><font size="2"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>(2) </span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">查阅与本机组相关技术资料，资料中注明：“从汽轮发电机各轴承回来的油，都送到主油箱中的一专门小室内，回油管的出油口即通到小室内的带形空间，带形空间的出口设在油面以下，这样可以把油中从各轴承带来的泡沫留在空间内，在带形空间的上方设有一排直径为</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">5</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">～</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">6</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 5.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">
                        </span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">mm</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">的小孔，以便把气体混合物排出”。经实际查看发现，在主油箱内回油口的带形空间并没有设置这样的排气孔。鉴于此，在机组主油箱内轴瓦回油侧带形空间上方增设了排气孔。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"><p></p></span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none;"><font size="2"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>(3) </span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">根据《防止电力生产重大<a class="channel_keylink" href="http://www.powersafety.com.cn/default/article/dlsgal/" target="_blank">事故</a>的</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">25</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">项重点要求》中关于“应按时检测氢冷发电机油系统、主油箱内、封闭母线外套内的氢气体积含量，超过</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">1%</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">时，应停机查漏消缺”的规定，制定了每周一白班都要对</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">7</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">号机组主油箱上盖处和排油烟机出口处气体的含氢量和可燃气体含量进行检测的工作规定，同时要求做好检测数据记录，发现问题及时采取措施。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"><p></p></span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none;"><font size="2"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">经改进和采取相应措施后，</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">7</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">号机主油箱处的混合气体中的氢气体积含量由原</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">0.18%</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">下降到</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">0</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"><p></p></span></font></p>

顶，呵呵，谢谢