美国最清洁的燃煤锅炉—东肯塔基E.A.Gilbert 循环流化床锅炉——第18届国际流化床燃

哈尔滨电气 · 发表于 2007-8-20 16:52:45

刘    昀<a title="" href="http://bbs.eptchina.cn/post.asp?action=new&boardid=3#_ftn1" name="_ftnref1" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn1;">1</a>巴尔的摩城市学院美国  巴尔的摩  21215刘德昌华中科技大学煤燃烧国家重点实验室中国  武汉  430074 【摘  要】本文介绍和评述了东肯塔基E.A.Gilbert美国最清洁的燃煤循环流化床锅炉。该锅炉由法国Alstom公司提供。锅炉净发电功率为268MW，燃烧不同含硫量的高硫煤种。锅炉采用循环流化床和快速干燥剂吸收塔烟气脱硫，脱硫效率大于95%。脱NOx采用循环流化床燃烧和选择性非催化还原反应——加无水氨方式，NOx的排放达到122.6mg/Nm3( 0.1Ib/mmBTU )。【关键词】循环流化床  低NOx排放  低SO2排放  燃料适应性<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 3.9pt 0cm; TEXT-INDENT: 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt; tab-stops: list 24.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-para-margin-top: .25gd; mso-para-margin-right: 0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom: .25gd; mso-para-margin-left: 0cm; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1;">一、前言东肯塔基电力公司是一个很大的公司，它有燃煤电厂、水力发电厂和调峰机组。通过16个地区公司，4023公里的高压线向用户提供电力。这台净发电功率为268MW，采用循环流化床锅炉，安装在东肯塔基Spurlock电站，主要燃烧肯塔基煤矿提供的各种煤。Spurlock电站还有一台300MW和一台600MW的煤粉锅炉。这台循环流化床锅炉的投运增加了电厂对燃料的适应性。煤粉锅炉不能烧的高硫煤，循环流化床锅炉能烧，并能控制电厂SO2和NOx的总排放量。<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0.75pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-para-margin-top: .05gd; mso-para-margin-right: 0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom: .05gd; mso-para-margin-left: 0cm;">二、循环流化床锅炉脱硫、脱NOx东肯塔基电力公司Spurlock电厂3号锅炉选用循环流化床锅炉的主要原因是循环流化床锅炉对煤种适应性广，能烧各式各样的高硫、难燃煤种。东肯塔基电力公司位于俄亥俄河流之旁，且沿CSX铁路线，交通十分方便，沿河流和铁路线附近煤矿的各种煤能方便的运到电厂，电厂能选用最便宜的煤种发电，而电厂SO2和NOx的总排放量能满足环保部门的要求。表1列出了Gilbert循环流化床锅炉的设计燃料的元素分析结果。<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="MARGIN: 3.1pt 0cm 3.1pt 4.55pt; TEXT-INDENT: -4.55pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: -.43; mso-para-margin-top: .2gd; mso-para-margin-right: 0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom: .2gd; mso-para-margin-left: 4.55pt;">表1  燃料元素分析<div align="center"><table class="MsoNormalTable" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="1" style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse; mso-border-alt: solid black .75pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 63; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-border-insideh: .75pt solid black; mso-border-insidev: .75pt solid black; mso-table-layout-alt: fixed;"><tbody><tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 0; mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; page-break-inside: avoid;"><td valign="top" width="239" colspan="2" style="BORDER-RIGHT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: black 1pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: black 1pt solid; WIDTH: 179.4pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: black 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid black .75pt;">项    目</td><td valign="top" width="113" style="BORDER-RIGHT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: black 1pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 84.8pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid black .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .75pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt;">设计燃料</td><td valign="top" width="133" style="BORDER-RIGHT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: black 1pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 99.65pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: black 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid black .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .75pt;">

ine Branch燃料</td><td valign="top" width="120" style="BORDER-RIGHT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: black 1pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 89.75pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: black 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid black .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .75pt;">匹茨堡8号燃料</td></tr><tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 1; page-break-inside: avoid;"><td valign="top" width="136" style="BORDER-RIGHT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: black 1pt solid; WIDTH: 102.3pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: black 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid black .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .75pt;">碳</td><td width="103" rowspan="7" style="BORDER-RIGHT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 77.1pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: black .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: black .75pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: windowtext .5pt; mso-border-style-alt: solid;">%</td><td valign="top" width="113" style="BORDER-RIGHT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 84.8pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: black 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid black .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt;">53.48</td><td valign="top" width="133" style="BORDER-RIGHT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 99.65pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: black 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid black .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .75pt;">61.67</td><td valign="top" width="120" style="BORDER-RIGHT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 89.75pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: black 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid black .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .75pt;">70.84</td></tr><tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 2; page-break-inside: avoid;"><td valign="top" width="136" style="BORDER-RIGHT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: black 1pt solid; WIDTH: 102.3pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: black 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid black .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .75pt;">氢</td><td valign="top" width="113" style="BORDER-RIGHT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 84.8pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: black 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid black .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .75pt;">4.40</td><td valign="top" width="133" style="BORDER-RIGHT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 99.65pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: black 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid black .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .75pt;">2.40</td><td valign="top" width="120" style="BORDER-RIGHT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 89.75pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: black 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid black .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .75pt;">3.87</td></tr><tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 3; page-break-inside: avoid;"><td valign="top" width="136" style="BORDER-RIGHT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: black 1pt solid; WIDTH: 102.3pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: black 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid black .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .75pt;">氧</td><td valign="top" width="113" style="BORDER-RIGHT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 84.8pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: black 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid black .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .75pt;">7.21</td><td valign="top" width="133" style="BORDER-RIGHT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 99.65pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: black 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid black .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .75pt;">5.03</td><td valign="top" width="120" style="BORDER-RIGHT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 89.75pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: black 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid black .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .75pt;">3.95</td></tr><tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 4; page-break-inside: avoid;"><td valign="top" width="136" style="BORDER-RIGHT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: black 1pt solid; WIDTH: 102.3pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: black 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid black .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .75pt;">氮</td><td valign="top" width="113" style="BORDER-RIGHT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 84.8pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: black 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid black .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .75pt;">0.90</td><td valign="top" width="133" style="BORDER-RIGHT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 99.65pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: black 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid black .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .75pt;">1.33</td><td valign="top" width="120" style="BORDER-RIGHT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 89.75pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: black 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid black .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .75pt;">1.41</td></tr><tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 5; page-break-inside: avoid;"><td valign="top" width="136" style="BORDER-RIGHT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: black 1pt solid; WIDTH: 102.3pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: black 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid black .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .75pt;">硫</td><td valign="top" width="113" style="BORDER-RIGHT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 84.8pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: black 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid black .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .75pt;">4.50</td><td valign="top" width="133" style="BORDER-RIGHT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 99.65pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: black 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid black .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .75pt;">1.50</td><td valign="top" width="120" style="BORDER-RIGHT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 89.75pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: black 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid black .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .75pt;">4.00</td></tr><tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 6; page-break-inside: avoid;"><td valign="top" width="136" style="BORDER-RIGHT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: black 1pt solid; WIDTH: 102.3pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: black 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid black .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .75pt;">灰</td><td valign="top" width="113" style="BORDER-RIGHT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 84.8pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: black 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid black .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .75pt;">20.00</td><td valign="top" width="133" style="BORDER-RIGHT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 99.65pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: black 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid black .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .75pt;">20.00</td><td valign="top" width="120" style="BORDER-RIGHT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 89.75pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: black 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid black .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .75pt;">8.00</td></tr><tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 7; page-break-inside: avoid;"><td valign="top" width="136" style="BORDER-RIGHT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: black 1pt solid; WIDTH: 102.3pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: black 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid black .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .75pt;">水分</td><td valign="top" width="113" style="BORDER-RIGHT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 84.8pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: black 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid black .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .75pt;">9.51</td><td valign="top" width="133" style="BORDER-RIGHT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 99.65pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: black 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid black .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .75pt;">8.07</td><td valign="top" width="120" style="BORDER-RIGHT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 89.75pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: black 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid black .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .75pt;">7.85</td></tr><tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 8; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes; page-break-inside: avoid;"><td width="136" style="BORDER-RIGHT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: black 1pt solid; WIDTH: 102.3pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: black 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid black .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .75pt;">高位发热量</td><td valign="top" width="103" style="BORDER-RIGHT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 77.1pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: black 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid black .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-diagonal-up: .5pt solid windowtext;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; MARGIN: 0cm -6pt 0pt 20.1pt; TEXT-INDENT: -20.1pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: -2.0; mso-para-margin-top: 0cm; mso-para-margin-right: -.5gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: .0001pt; mso-para-margin-left: 20.1pt;">Btu/IbKj/Kg</td><td width="113" style="BORDER-RIGHT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 84.8pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: black 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid black .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .75pt;">10400/24228.3</td><td width="133" style="BORDER-RIGHT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 99.65pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: black 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid black .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .75pt;">10215/23797.3</td><td width="120" style="BORDER-RIGHT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 89.75pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: black 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid black .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .75pt;">12502/29125.2</td></tr></tbody></table></div>除了上述燃料之外，这台循环流化床锅炉也设计烧石油焦，生物质燃料和每年烧500万个轮胎。燃料适应性好，使电厂有机会挑选最便宜的燃料，发电成本最低，从而获得最大的发电经济效益。燃用最便宜的燃料，锅炉有害气体的排放能满足严格的环保要求。表2给出了Gilbert循环流化床锅炉有害气体与粉尘排放值与新环保标准许可的排放值对比。<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="MARGIN: 3.1pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-para-margin-top: .2gd; mso-para-margin-right: 0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom: .2gd; mso-para-margin-left: 0cm;">表2    污染物排放数值对比<div align="center"><table class="MsoNormalTable" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="567" border="1" style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; WIDTH: 15cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse; mso-border-alt: solid black .75pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 63; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-border-insideh: .75pt solid black; mso-border-insidev: .75pt solid black;"><tbody><tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 0; mso-yfti-firstrow: yes;"><td width="63" style="BORDER-RIGHT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: black 1pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: black 1pt solid; WIDTH: 47.25pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: black 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid black .75pt;">项目</td><td valign="top" width="322" style="BORDER-RIGHT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: black 1pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 241.5pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: black 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid black .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .75pt;">Gilbert  3号CFB锅炉排放值</td><td valign="top" width="252" style="BORDER-RIGHT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: black 1pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 189pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: black 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid black .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .75pt;">新标准允许排放值</td></tr><tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 1;"><td width="63" style="BORDER-RIGHT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: black 1pt solid; WIDTH: 47.25pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: black 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid black .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .75pt;">NOX</td><td valign="top" width="322" style="BORDER-RIGHT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 241.5pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: black 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid black .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .75pt; mso-diagonal-up: .5pt solid windowtext;">0.10 Ib /mmBtu                   122.6mg/Nm3（59.8 PPm）</td><td valign="top" width="252" style="BORDER-RIGHT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 189pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: black 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid black .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .75pt; mso-diagonal-up: .5pt solid windowtext;">0.60 Ib /mmBtu            735.5mg/Nm3(358.8PPm)</td></tr><tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 2;"><td width="63" style="BORDER-RIGHT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: black 1pt solid; WIDTH: 47.25pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: black 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid black .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .75pt;">SO2</td><td valign="top" width="322" style="BORDER-RIGHT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 241.5pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: black 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid black .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .75pt; mso-diagonal-up: .5pt solid windowtext;">0.20  Ib/mmBtu                    246mg/Nm3（86PPm）</td><td valign="top" width="252" style="BORDER-RIGHT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 189pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: black 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid black .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .75pt; mso-diagonal-up: .5pt solid windowtext;">1.2 Ib /mmBtu            1475.6mg/Nm3( 516PPm)</td></tr><tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 3; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;"><td width="63" style="BORDER-RIGHT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: black 1pt solid; WIDTH: 47.25pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: black 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid black .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .75pt;">粉尘</td><td valign="top" width="322" style="BORDER-RIGHT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 241.5pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: black 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid black .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .75pt; mso-diagonal-up: .5pt solid windowtext;">0.015 Ib/mmBtu                    155mg/mJ</td><td valign="top" width="252" style="BORDER-RIGHT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 189pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: black 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid black .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .75pt; mso-diagonal-up: .5pt solid windowtext;">0.03 Ib /mmBtu             310mg/mJ</td></tr></tbody></table></div>

哈尔滨电气 · 发表于 2007-8-20 16:55:40

[Post=100]为了控制有害物质排放，Gilbert 3号CFB锅炉采取了所有的技术手段。为了控制NOX排放，首先采取循环流化床燃烧，燃烧温度控制在8490C～8990C范围内。为了进一步降低NOX排放浓度，采用无水氨喷射为基础的选择性非催化还原反应（SNDR）脱除NOX方法。这样使NOX的排放达到了59.8PPm（122.6mg/Nm3）。将无水氨喷入烟气管道中，与烟气预混合，然后在选择性非催化还原反应中与NOX反应生成N2和水蒸汽。为了控制SO2排放，首先在循环流化床燃烧室内加入石灰石实现第一级脱硫。然后，采用第二级烟气脱硫。第二级烟气脱硫采用了快速干燥剂吸收塔（FDA）烟气脱硫。将布袋烟气除尘与FDA脱硫结合为一体。脱硫效率可达到等于或大于95%（不管燃料中硫的含量有多高）。快速干燥剂吸收塔脱硫采用了布袋除尘灰中未反应的石灰作为脱硫剂。具体方法是首先将除尘灰轻度水化，然后喷入烟气中。水化石灰与烟气中的SO2反应生成硫酸钙。在燃用的所有燃料中，脱硫效率均能达到大于95%。由于FDA脱硫使用了除尘灰中的未反应的CaO，石灰石用量减少。图1表示了Gilbert 3号循环流化床锅炉立面图。 <shapetype id="_x0000_t75" stroked="f" filled="f" path="m@4@5l@4@11@9@11@9@5xe" opreferrelative="t" ospt="75" coordsize="21600,21600"><stroke joinstyle="miter"></stroke><formulas><f eqn="if lineDrawn pixelLineWidth 0"></f><f eqn="sum @0 1 0"></f><f eqn="sum 0 0 @1"></f><f eqn="prod @2 1 2"></f><f eqn="prod @3 21600 pixelWidth"></f><f eqn="prod @3 21600 pixelHeight"></f><f eqn="sum @0 0 1"></f><f eqn="prod @6 1 2"></f><f eqn="prod @7 21600 pixelWidth"></f><f eqn="sum @8 21600 0"></f><f eqn="prod @7 21600 pixelHeight"></f><f eqn="sum @10 21600 0"></f></formulas><path oconnecttype="rect" gradientshapeok="t" oextrusionok="f"></path><lock aspectratio="t" vext="edit"></lock></shapetype><shape id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style="WIDTH: 296.25pt; HEIGHT: 201.75pt;"><imagedata otitle="" src="file:///C:\DOCUME~1\电力科技\LOCALS~1\Temp\msohtml1\01\clip_image001.wmz" grayscale="t" blacklevel="3932f"></imagedata></shape>图1  Gilbert 3号循环流化床锅炉立面图<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 3.9pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-para-margin-top: .25gd; mso-para-margin-right: 0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom: .25gd; mso-para-margin-left: 0cm;">三、JIT石灰石供给系统传统的石灰石破碎，筛分预制设备布置在一个专门的石灰石建筑物内。制备好的石灰石通过气力输送到石灰石仓。然后从石灰石仓气力喷入锅炉。石灰石的干燥采用油或者天然气燃烧加热的空气来干燥。这样的制备系统成本高，且带来粉尘对生产车间的污染。Gilbert CFB锅炉采用JIT（Just-In-Time）系统（见图2）制备石灰石。JIT制备系统直接装在锅炉房内。破碎合格的石灰石直接从石灰石磨喷入锅炉。干燥和喷射石灰石的空气来自锅炉空气预热器的热风。干燥后的排气（冷空气、水蒸汽和粉尘）回到锅炉。图2  JIT石灰石制备系统<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; MARGIN: 3.9pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-para-margin-top: .25gd; mso-para-margin-right: 0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom: .25gd; mso-para-margin-left: 0cm;">四、锅炉其它设计特征<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21.1pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; tab-stops: list 14.7pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2;">1、   采用流化床冷渣器·流化床冷渣器实质上是一个鼓泡流化床冷渣器。床内布置有省煤器和水冷受热面。床料与受热面之间的传热系数大。·流化床冷渣器将床渣从871℃冷却到116℃。<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21.1pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; tab-stops: list 18.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2;">2、   流化床冷渣器出来的床渣通过浓相气力输送，送到床渣仓。<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21.1pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; tab-stops: list 18.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2;">3、   快速干燥剂吸收塔流化槽收集的多余灰通过浓相压力输送，送到灰仓。<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; MARGIN: 3.9pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-para-margin-top: .25gd; mso-para-margin-right: 0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom: .25gd; mso-para-margin-left: 0cm;">五、结论· 法国阿尔斯通公司和美国东肯塔基电力公司合作在美国发展最清洁的燃煤循环流化床锅炉电厂。烧高硫煤，SO2排放达到246mg/Nm3
，NOX排放达到122.6mg/Nm3。· Gilbert循环流化床锅炉在美国是一个极其重要的对环境友好的燃煤发电锅炉示范工程。· 我国高硫煤占20%左右，发展这种两级脱硫，两级脱NOX的清洁煤循环流化床燃烧锅炉是十分必要的。 参考文献：

eler Treff, Craig  Johnson, Clean Power from Coal: Design and Status of East Kentucky Power Cooperative’s E.A.Gilbert Unit .<div style="mso-element: footnote-list;"> <hr align="left" width="33%" size="1"/><div id="ftn1" style="mso-element: footnote;"><a title="" href="http://bbs.eptchina.cn/post.asp?action=new&boardid=3#_ftnref1" name="_ftn1" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn1;">1</a>联络作者：刘德昌</div></div>[/Post]

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