一起鼠标引起的事故

<font size="5"><span>某厂一引进型</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">300MW</font></span><span>机组,选用</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">Tdeper.me</font></span><span>计算机控制系统。某日</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">21</font></span><span>时</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">40</font></span><span>分给水流量突然从</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">950t/h</font></span><span>下滑到</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">500t/h</font></span><span>,电动给水泵</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">C</font></span><span>转速从</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">5100r/min</font></span><span>下滑到</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">1700r/min</font></span><span>,勺管开度从</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">54</font></span><span>％左右下降到</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">5</font></span><span>％,汽包水位急剧下降。</span></font><span><br/></span><font size="5"><span>操作员立即提高电动给水泵</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">C</font></span><span>转速,停</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">D</font></span><span>磨煤机,再停</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">C</font></span><span>磨煤机时,锅炉</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">MFT</font></span><span>。首出原因“炉膛火焰失去”（</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">21</font></span><span>时</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">41</font></span><span>分,汽包水位－</span><span>）由于逆功率保护未动作,操作员手拉灭磁开关,但控制开关打滑,改拉</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">1</font></span><span>号发变组</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">220kV</font></span><span>断路器,并手动切换厂用电,拉</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">6kV</font></span><span>工作电源断路器后,合</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">6kV</font></span><span>备用电源断路器不成,手拉</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">6kVIB</font></span><span>工作电源断路器后,合</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">6kV1B</font></span><span>备用电源断路器不成,启动柴油发电机,但柴油发电机</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">380V</font></span><span>保安段进线断路器自动及手操都合不上。分别派巡检去检查柴油发电机运行情况和就地检查断路器状志及直流系统,</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">UPS</font></span><span>运行情况。集控再次合</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">6kV1B</font></span><span>备用电源进线断路器成功,启动交流油泵、顶轴油泵、闭式泵及各辅机润滑油泵等。</span></font><span><br/></span><font size="5"><span>巡检检查发现柴油发电机至</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">380V</font></span><span>保安段进线断路器位置指示已在“工作”位置,但就地也合不上,直流系统电压止常,</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">UPS</font></span><span>整流器、逆变器、旁路电源故障灯亮,</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">UPS</font></span><span>旁路电压</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">450V</font></span><span>（满刻度）调至</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">380V</font></span><span>后</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">UPS</font></span><span>切至旁路供电。</span></font><span><br/></span><font size="5"><span>巡检在</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">UPS</font></span><span>室同集控室路上听到</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">6kV</font></span><span>开关室爆炸声（</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">21</font></span><span>时</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">46</font></span><span>分）,即到开关室,发现烟雾弥漫,立即汇报值长。值长令拉开</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">01</font></span><span>号启备变</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">220kV</font></span><span>断路器。</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">380V</font></span><span>保安段失电,查主机凝汽器直流油泵已自启,开真空破坏门紧急停机,发电机排氢置换</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">CO2</font></span><span>,对主机、空预器盘车失败,派人监视循环水泵温度。</span></font><span><br/></span><font size="5"><span>厂领导和火电人员到场后,即对柴油发电机至</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">380V</font></span><span>断路器进行检查,发现指示虽在“工作”位置,但实际未到位,经摇进半圈后合闸成功</span></font><span><br/><font size="5" face="Times New Roman">23</font></span><font size="5"><span>时</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">20</font></span><span>分用柴油发电机恢复</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">380V</font></span><span>保安段供电。随后启动主机交流油泵、顶轴油泵、投入主机,空预器盘车,将爆炸时气浪打坏的</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">6kV</font></span><span>母线变压隔离及所有负荷断路器拉出后,次日</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">1</font></span><span>时</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">20</font></span><span>分恢复</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">6kV</font></span><span>母线供电。</span></font><span><br/><font size="5" face="Times New Roman">4</font></span><font size="5"><span>时</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">00</font></span><span>分除</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">6kV1B</font></span><span>母线外,全厂所有厂用电恢复。</span></font><span><br/><br/></span><span><font size="5">二、分析</font></span><span><br/></span><font size="5"><span>（</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">1</font></span><span>）</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">OS</font></span><span>鼠标操作按钮轴断,造成操作时卡涩,给水流量下降。</span></font><span><br/></span><font size="5"><span>（</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">2</font></span><span>）为改善运行工况,停磨</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">D</font></span><span>、磨</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">C</font></span><span>,造成燃烧不稳发炉膛火焰丧失,</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">MFT</font></span><span>、动作。</span></font><span><br/></span><font size="5"><span>（</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">3</font></span><span>）逆功率保护不动作,手拉灭磁开关,也因</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">24v</font></span><span>控制开关可靠性差,打滑,改拉</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">220kV</font></span><span>断路器。</span></font><span><br/></span><font size="5"><span>（</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">4</font></span><span>）手动切换厂用电,因</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">6kV</font></span><span>压变柜绝缘质量差及高压熔丝灭弧性能不好,未成功,启动柴油发电机。</span></font><span><br/></span><font size="5"><span>（</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">5</font></span><span>）由于无同期装置,使柴油发电机</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">380V</font></span><span>保安段开线断路器自动投手动都合不上。</span></font><span><br/></span><font size="5"><span>（</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">6</font></span><span>）手动切至备用厂用电</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">6kV</font></span><span>。</span></font><span><br/></span><span><font size="5">三、对策</font></span><span><br/></span><font size="5"><span>（</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">1</font></span><span>）逆功率保护拒动是设计错误,采取临时措施并联一只</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">0.1</font></span><span>μ</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">F</font></span><span>电容后,已能动作,待进一步完善。</span></font><span><br/></span><font size="5"><span>（</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">2</font></span><span>）灭磁开关的控制开关打滑,换型。</span></font><span><br/></span><font size="5"><span>（</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">3</font></span><span>）柴油发电机增设同期装置。</span></font><span><br/></span><font size="5"><span>（</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">4</font></span><span>）联系厂家调试故障录波器,使其正确、可靠。</span></font><span><br/></span><font size="5"><span>（</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">5</font></span><span>）联系中试所对</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">SOE</font></span><span>进行调试,使其可信。</span></font><span><br/></span><font size="5"><span>（</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">6</font></span><span>）</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">DCS</font></span><span>系统增设一路单独供电的</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">UPS</font></span><span>。</span></font><span><br/></span><font size="5"><span>（</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">7</font></span><span>）对机组保护误动的原因要及时分析、查明、清除。</span></font><span><br/></span><font size="5"><span>（</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">8</font></span><span>）针对该次事故做一次反事故演习,同时针对厂里的薄弱环节做好事故预想。</span></font><span><br/></span><font size="5"><span>（</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">9</font></span><span>）做好防止三无产品流入电力系统的措施。</span></font>