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节能新思路——谐波节能

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cjb77 发表于 2009-2-18 11:01:02 | 只看该作者 回帖奖励 |倒序浏览 |阅读模式
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 72.1pt; mso-char-indent-count: 3.99;"><b><span style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">新型全频谱电力有源滤波节能器简介</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt;"><p></p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">什么是电力谐波?谐波是怎么产生的?</span><span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">我们知道,发电机发出的电压是正弦波,但在用户处,电压就不一定是正弦波了,波形发生了畸变,这畸变的波形中除了基波外,还包含有与基波频率成倍数关系的高次正弦波,这些高次正弦波称为电力谐波。</span><span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">电力系统中非线性用电设备是主要的谐波源,这些设备在吸收基波能量的同时,又把部分基波能量转换为谐波能量,向系统倒送大量的高次谐波。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">谐波有什么害处?</span><span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">消耗有功功率:在低压电力系统中,根据运行实践,各次谐波的损耗以零序谐波特别是三次谐波所占成分较大,且对电气设备的危害最为严重。</span><span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">谐波对各种设备如旋转电机产生附加功率损耗、发热、机械振动和噪声;</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">
                                <p></p></font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 17.95pt; TEXT-INDENT: 5.25pt; mso-char-indent-count: .5; mso-para-margin-left: 1.71gd;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">谐波对供电线路产生附加损耗;</span><span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 26.25pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.5;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">使电网中的电容器产生谐振。由于谐波频率多,这就有可能出现谐振,谐振将放大谐波电流,导致电容器等设备被烧毁。</span><span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 26.25pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.5;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">谐波将使继电保护和自动装置出现误动作,并使仪表和电能计量出现较大误差。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><b><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><b><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">新型全频谱电力有源滤波器的原理是什么?</span><span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">•<span style="FONT: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">现有有源滤波的原理就是制造一个与自然谐波一模一样的人造谐波,反相后再抵消自然谐波。<b>本发明原理:既然谐波已经存在,就直接用自然谐波反相自我抵消,没有必要人工逆变制造一个谐波。</b></span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">•<span style="FONT: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">傅立叶级数原理:非正弦波的周期量可分解成基波分量和具有基波频率整数倍的谐波分量。根据这个原理逆向思维,用谐波变压器可以很容易把谐波分量从电网中分离出来。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">•<span style="FONT: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">根据有源滤波原理,把谐波分量反相后再注入电网就可以达到有源滤波的目的。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">•<span style="FONT: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">由于分离出来的谐波分量包含了所有次数的谐波,反相注入电网后就能把原有谐波消灭得干干净净,使电压波形恢复正弦波,减少或消除了谐波引起的功耗和其他危害。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">•<span style="FONT: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">用负载产生的自然谐波能量抵消自然谐波自身,这是电力谐波有源滤波发展史上的重大技术突破。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><b><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><b><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">新型全频谱电力有源滤波器有什么优点?</span><span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 18pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><font face="Times New Roman">1.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp; </span></font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">自身很节能:采用传统技术,不用逆变器,本身不产生谐波,消耗功率很少,很节能;</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 38.95pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-char-indent-count: -2.0; mso-para-margin-left: 1.71gd;"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><font face="Times New Roman">2.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp; </span></font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">高性能指标:本发明滤波效果达</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><font face="Times New Roman">99%</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">以上,滤波次数达</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><font face="Times New Roman">440</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">次以上,相位延迟为</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><font face="Times New Roman">0</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">,比现有有源滤波器高得多;</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 38.95pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-char-indent-count: -2.0; mso-para-margin-left: 1.71gd;"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><font face="Times New Roman">3.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp; </span></font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">适应性强:适合各种阻抗的用户变压器及线路,滤波效果不受用户系统参数影响,适应性通用性很强;</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 18pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><font face="Times New Roman">4.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp; </span></font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">低成本。任何单位用户都用得起,可以广泛推广与每一台配电变压器配套应用;</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 38.95pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-char-indent-count: -2.0; mso-para-margin-left: 1.71gd;"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><font face="Times New Roman">5.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp; </span></font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">容量不限:现有有源滤波器受半导体器件限制,容量难做大;本发明采用变压器技术分离、反相、注入自然谐波,而变压器无论大小,原理一样,因此不受容量限制,容量可从几十至几万</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><font face="Times New Roman">KVA</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">;</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 18pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><font face="Times New Roman">6.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp; </span></font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">电压等级不限:可以适用于</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><font face="Times New Roman">0.4</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">-</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><font face="Times New Roman">35KV</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">电压等级的用户;</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 18pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><font face="Times New Roman">7.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp; </span></font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">结构简单:主要部件是一个谐波变压器,它能完成谐波分离、反相、注入三项工作;</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 18pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><font face="Times New Roman">8.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp; </span></font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">可靠性高:没有容易烧坏的部件,因此运行可靠性很高;</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 18pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><font face="Times New Roman">9.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp; </span></font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">长寿命:只用传统变压器,没有易损件,因此寿命很长;</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 18pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><font face="Times New Roman">10.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp; </span></font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">工作环境要求不高:可以工作于一般工厂环境;</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 18pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><font face="Times New Roman">11.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp; </span></font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">维护容易:由于没有使用高技术,一般技术人员都可维护。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></p></span></p>
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2#
ljx 发表于 2009-6-24 17:41:43 | 只看该作者
很好
3#
shjzsxl 发表于 2009-7-8 14:49:03 | 只看该作者
<p>这个思路很好。但不知在实际中是否可行。</p>
4#
鲁鑫熹 发表于 2009-8-19 14:35:30 | 只看该作者
5#
指南针 发表于 2009-8-22 10:08:41 | 只看该作者
学习&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 学习&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 高科技
6#
zhangjianzhou 发表于 2011-10-22 13:42:31 | 只看该作者
这个思路很好
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