<p><span class="style261"><b><span style="FONT-SIZE: 13.5pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;"><font size="4"><span lang="EN-US">超超临界燃煤机组烟气脱硝技术的比较与选择</span></font></span></b></span></p><p><span class="style261"><b><span style="FONT-SIZE: 13.5pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;"><font size="4"><span lang="EN-US"></span></font></span></b></span></p><p><span class="style261"><b><span style="FONT-SIZE: 13.5pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;"><font size="4"><span lang="EN-US">目录</span></font></span></b></span></p><p><span class="style261"><b><span style="FONT-SIZE: 13.5pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;"><font size="4"><span lang="EN-US"><br/>【摘 要】</span></font></span></b></span></p><p><span class="style261"><b><span style="FONT-SIZE: 13.5pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;"><font size="4"><span lang="EN-US">1.引言</span></font></span></b></span></p><p><span class="style261"><b><span style="FONT-SIZE: 13.5pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;"><font size="4"><span lang="EN-US">2.国内外电站脱硝技术应用现状</span></font></span></b></span></p><p><span class="style261"><b><span style="FONT-SIZE: 13.5pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;"><font size="4"><span lang="EN-US">3.电站典型烟气脱硝技术及比较</span></font></span></b></span></p><p><span class="style261"><b><span style="FONT-SIZE: 13.5pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;"><font size="4"><span lang="EN-US">4. 我国超超临界燃煤发电机组烟气脱硝技术的选择方向</span></font></span></b></span></p><p><span class="style261"><b><span style="FONT-SIZE: 13.5pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;"><font size="4"><span lang="EN-US"></span></font></span></b></span></p><p><span class="style261"><b><span style="FONT-SIZE: 13.5pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;"><font size="4"><span lang="EN-US"></span></font></span></b></span></p><p><span class="style261"><b><span style="FONT-SIZE: 13.5pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;"><font size="4"><span lang="EN-US"></span></font></span></b></span></p><p><span class="style261"><b><span style="FONT-SIZE: 13.5pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;"><font size="4"><span lang="EN-US"></span></font></span></b></span></p><span class="style261"><b><span style="FONT-SIZE: 13.5pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;"><font size="4"><span lang="EN-US"><p align="center"><span class="style261"><b><span style="FONT-SIZE: 13.5pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;"><span lang="EN-US">超超临界燃煤机组烟气脱硝技术的比较与选择</span></span></b></span></p></span></font></span></b></span><p align="center"><font face="黑体" size="4"></font><span class="style261"><b><span style="FONT-SIZE: 13.5pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font size="4"></font></p></span></span></b></span></p><p><font size="4"></font></p><p></p><p><font size="4"></font></p><p><font face="黑体" size="4"></font></p><p><font face="黑体" size="4"></font></p><p><font face="黑体" size="4"></font></p><p><font face="黑体" size="4"></font></p><p><font face="黑体" size="4"></font></p><p><font face="黑体" size="4"></font></p><p><font face="黑体" size="4"></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center;"><span class="style261"><b><span style="FONT-SIZE: 13.5pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;"><font size="4">(上海电力学院<span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span>能源与环境工程学院,上海<span lang="EN-US">200090</span>)</font></span></b></span></p><p><font face="黑体" size="4"></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 27.1pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><font size="4"><font face="黑体"><span class="style261"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 13.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">【摘<span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span>要】</span></b></span><span class="style261"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 13.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体;">为了高效和清洁地利用煤炭资源,</span></b></span><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: "Sim Sun";">我国近几年正在大力发展超超临界燃煤发电机组。</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">由于国家和地方政府颁发了更为严格的</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">NOx</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">的</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">排放标准,因此</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体;">对于超临界以上的燃煤发电机组,</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: "Sim Sun";">在采用低</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312;">NOx</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: "Sim Sun";">燃烧技术的</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312;">同时必须采用</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: "Sim Sun";">烟气脱硝技术,以确保</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312;">NOx</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312;">的脱除率。本文重点</span></b></font></font><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: "Sim Sun";"><font face="黑体" size="4">介绍典型的烟气脱硝技术,并进行比较与分析,并根据我国燃煤电站可持续发展要求和目前国内脱硝技术发展情况,提出了超超临界燃煤电站烟气脱硝装置的选择方向。 </font><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="黑体" size="4"></font></p></span></span></b></p><p><font face="黑体" size="4"></font></p><p></p><p><font face="黑体" size="4"></font></p><p><font face="黑体" size="4"></font></p><p><font face="黑体" size="4"></font></p><p><font face="黑体" size="4"></font></p><p><font face="黑体" size="4"></font></p><p><font face="黑体" size="4"></font></p><p><font face="黑体" size="4"></font></p><p><font face="黑体" size="4"></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 27.1pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><font size="4"><font face="黑体"><span class="style261"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 13.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">【关键词】<font face="黑体">超超临界燃煤发电机组;燃煤锅炉;烟气脱硝技术;</font></span></b></span></font><font face="黑体"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312;">SCR</span></b></font></font><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312;"><font face="黑体" size="4">法<br/> </font></span></b></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"><font size="4">Comparison And Selection of The De-NOx Technology<p></p></font></span></b></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"><font size="4">On Fuel Gas In Ultra-Supercritical Thermal Power Plants</font></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"><font size="4"></font></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"><font size="4"></font></span></b></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21.1pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-layout-grid-align: none;"><font size="4"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">Abstract:</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 6.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"><br/> </span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">In these years, the ultra-supercritical thermal power plants have been actively developed in our country in order to make use of fossil fuel cleanly and efficiently. Due to more strict NOx emission control criterion issued by state and regional administration, the De-NOx technology must be carried out as well as <span style="COLOR: black;">LNBs </span>technology for ultra-supercritical thermal power plants to ensure NOx emission can be reduced greatly. In this paper, the representative De-NOx technology on fuel gas is analyzed emphatically, and the technology direction of removing NOx is put forward according to the continual developing request of the thermal power plants and the development status of the De-NOx technology in our country.<p></p></span></b></font></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21.1pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-layout-grid-align: none;"><font size="4"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">Keywords: ultra-supercritical thermal power plants</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">,<span lang="EN-US">coal-combustion boiler</span>,<span lang="EN-US">De-NOx technology on fuel gas</span>,<span lang="EN-US">SCR</span></span></b></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21.1pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-layout-grid-align: none;"><font size="4"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"><span lang="EN-US"></span></span></b></font></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none;"><font size="4"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">1.</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">引言<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></b></font></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21.1pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><font size="4"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;">从世界各国能源利用发展趋势看,工业化国家均采用了以石油和天然气燃料为主的能源政策。为了提高能源效率,降低能源系统成本和提供优质能源服务,这些国家选择已经着手减少固体燃料的比例。而我国由于历史的原因,一直维持着以煤为主要能源的结构,目前</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">我国是世界上最大的煤炭生产和消费国,原煤占能源消费总量的比例高达<span lang="EN-US">70%</span>左右,</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;">其弊端日益明显。而且</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">根据我国现实及未来可能的资源条件和各种能源技术发展水平来看,</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;">改变以煤为主的能源结构需要相当长的时间。</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">预计到<span lang="EN-US">2020</span>年,煤消耗总量将从现在的<span lang="EN-US">12</span>亿<span lang="EN-US">t</span>增加到<span lang="EN-US">31</span>亿<span lang="EN-US">t</span>。我国煤燃烧所释放的<span lang="EN-US">SO<sub>2</sub></span>占全国总排放量的<span lang="EN-US">87 %</span>,<span lang="EN-US">NOx</span>占<span lang="EN-US">67 %</span>,粉尘占<span lang="EN-US">60%</span>,<span lang="EN-US">CO<sub>2</sub></span>占<chmetcnv tcsc="0" numbertype="1" negative="False" hasspace="False" sourcevalue="7" unitname="l" wst="on"></chmetcnv><chmetcnv></chmetcnv><chmetcnv></chmetcnv><chmetcnv></chmetcnv><chmetcnv></chmetcnv><chmetcnv></chmetcnv><chmetcnv></chmetcnv><chmetcnv></chmetcnv><chmetcnv></chmetcnv><chmetcnv></chmetcnv><chmetcnv></chmetcnv><chmetcnv></chmetcnv><chmetcnv></chmetcnv><chmetcnv></chmetcnv><chmetcnv></chmetcnv><chmetcnv></chmetcnv><span lang="EN-US">7l</span><chmetcnv></chmetcnv><chmetcnv></chmetcnv><chmetcnv></chmetcnv><chmetcnv></chmetcnv><chmetcnv></chmetcnv><chmetcnv></chmetcnv><chmetcnv></chmetcnv><chmetcnv></chmetcnv><chmetcnv></chmetcnv><chmetcnv></chmetcnv><chmetcnv></chmetcnv><chmetcnv></chmetcnv><chmetcnv></chmetcnv><chmetcnv></chmetcnv><chmetcnv></chmetcnv><chmetcnv></chmetcnv><span lang="EN-US"> %</span>,造成了严重的环境污染和生态破坏,所以常规煤燃烧设备的污染问题一直是我国环境污染治理的重点。尤其是燃煤发电仍然在电力结构中占据不可替代的地位。用于发电的煤炭约占煤炭总产量的<span lang="EN-US">40%</span>;而且我国现有火电机组设备总体技术水平落后,性能与世界先进水平相比有较大差距,发电煤耗高;能源利用率低。这些都进一步加剧了煤炭燃烧造成的污染性气体排放所造成的环境污染。因此以煤为主要能源的清洁煤发电技术在我国的推广具有重大的现实意义。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></b></font></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; 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LEFT: 0pt; WIDTH: 747px; POSITION: absolute; HEIGHT: 231px; mso-ignore: vglayout;"><table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="100%"><tbody><tr><td style="BORDER-RIGHT: #ece9d8; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; BORDER-BOTTOM: #ece9d8; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent;"><div class="shape" vshape="_x0000_s1026" style="ADDING-RIGHT: 7.2pt; PADDING-LEFT: 7.2pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 3.6pt; PADDING-TOP: 3.6pt;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><font size="4"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 7.5pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;"></span></font></p><p></p><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"> </font><p></p><p></p><p><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"> </font></p><p></p><p><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"> </font></p><p></p></div></td></tr></tbody></table></span><font size="4"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">从国际上燃煤发电技术的发展趋势上看,今后将采用两种技术方法来提高发电效率和降低污染物排放。其一是采用<span lang="EN-US">IGCC</span>技术,该技术结合煤化工中已经成熟的煤气化技术,集成蒸汽燃气联合循环技术实现高效清洁发电,<span lang="EN-US">IGCC</span>技术提高能效的前景很好,但因系统相对复杂而造成投资偏高的问题需要解决。其二是通过提高常规发电机组的蒸汽参数来提高效率,即超临界机组和超超临界机组。亚临界机组的典型参数为<span lang="EN-US">16.7MPa/538℃/538℃</span>,其发电效率约为<span lang="EN-US">38</span>%。超临界机组的主蒸汽压力通常为<span lang="EN-US">24MPa</span>左右,主蒸汽和再热蒸汽温度为<span lang="EN-US">538</span>~<span lang="EN-US">560℃</span>;例如上海石洞口二厂<span lang="EN-US">600MW</span>超临界机组的参数为<span lang="EN-US">25.4MPa/541℃/569℃</span>,对应的发电效率约为<span lang="EN-US">42</span>%。</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">发电煤耗率约为<span lang="EN-US">275g/kWh</span>;</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">超超临界机组的主蒸汽压力为<span lang="EN-US">27</span>~<span lang="EN-US">31MPa</span>,主蒸汽和再热蒸汽温度为<span lang="EN-US">580</span>~<span lang="EN-US">610℃</span>。国际上超超临界机组的参数已经达到<span lang="EN-US">27</span>~<span lang="EN-US">32MPa</span>左右,蒸汽温度为<span lang="EN-US">566</span>~<span lang="EN-US">600℃</span>,热效率可以达到<span lang="EN-US">42</span>~<span lang="EN-US">45%</span>,</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">发电煤耗率约为<span lang="EN-US">270g/kWh</span></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">。国外机组的可靠性数据,表明了超超临界机组可以同样实现比较高的可靠性。我国石洞口二厂两台<span lang="EN-US">60</span>万千瓦超临界机组的可用率就高达<span lang="EN-US">90%</span>以上,高于其它一些同容量亚临界机组。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></b></font></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21.1pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><font size="4"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">随着超临界火电机组的国产化,我国在今后新增的火电装机结构中必将大力发展超临界和超超临界机组。根据现已完成的研究结果表明:今后电网新增超临界与超超临界机组的需求和数量都将大幅度增加。其中超超临界机组由于与超临界机组相比效率将有较大幅度的提高,从而具有更高的竞争优势。预计<span lang="EN-US">2020</span>年超超临界机组在燃煤机组装机总量中达到<span lang="EN-US">25%</span>以上。</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">从环保措施看,国外的超超临界机组都加装了锅炉尾部烟气脱硫、脱硝和高效除尘装置,可以实现较低的排放,满足严格的排放标准。例如日本的超超临界机组的排放指标可以达到<span lang="EN-US">SO<sub>2</sub></span></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">约为</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">70mg/N</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">M <sup>3</sup></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">;<span lang="EN-US">NOx</span></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">约为</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">30mg/</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;"><br/> </span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">N</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">M <sup>3</sup></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">;粉尘</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">约为<span lang="EN-US">5</span></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">mg/</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;"><br/> </span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">N</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">M <sup>3</sup></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">的水平</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">。可见,超超临界燃煤机组可以与燃用天然气、石油等机组一样实现清洁的发电。</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">因此,</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">加快建设和发展超超临界火电机组是解决电力短缺、能源利用率低和环境污染严重的最现实、最有效的途径。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></b></font></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21.1pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><font size="4"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">我国近几年安装的超临界机组一般配备烟气脱硫装置(<span lang="EN-US">FGD</span>)来降低<span lang="EN-US">S</span></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">O<sub>2</sub></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">的排放,对于<span lang="EN-US">NOx</span>则主要</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">以低</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">NOx</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">燃烧技术为主。采用改进燃烧技术降低</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">NOx</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">排放的方法只能将<span lang="EN-US">NOx</span>减排<span lang="EN-US">40</span>~<span lang="EN-US">50</span>%,如果燃用</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">低挥发分的无烟煤和劣质烟煤时减排效果更差。可能达不到今后更为严格的</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">NOx</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">排放法规,所以要求国产超临界燃煤机组安装烟气脱硫装置的趋势日趋明显,</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">国家已经要求目前已建和新建火电机组要逐渐把烟气脱硝系统列入建设规划,到<span lang="EN-US">2010</span>年,至少有<span lang="EN-US">2</span>亿千瓦的机组容量需要建设脱硝系统,在脱硝项目上会形成可观的市场规模。</span></b></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21.1pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><font size="4"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;"><span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></b></font></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21.1pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: red; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"><p><font size="4"> </font></p></span></b></p><p><font size="4"> </font></p><p></p><p><font size="4"> </font></p><p></p><p><font size="4"> </font></p><p></p><p><font size="4"> </font></p><p></p><p><font size="4"> </font></p><p></p><p></p>
[此贴子已经被作者于2007-11-18 14:37:23编辑过] |